Konstantin Khabensky was born in the city of Leningrad, RSFSR, USSR. In 1981, together with his family, he moved to Nizhnevartovsk, where he lived for four years. In 1985 the family returned to Leningrad. After finishing eight grades of secondary school No. 486 (where his mother worked as a mathematics teacher), he entered the Leningrad Technical College of Aviation Instrumentation and Automation, but after the third year he withdrew his documents, realizing that a technical specialty was not for him. He worked as a floor polisher, a janitor, a street musician, and a stagehand at the theater-studio "Subbota". In 1990 he entered the Leningrad State Institute of Theater, Music and Cinematography (LGITMiK) (from 1993 - SPbGATI) (V. M. Filshtinsky's workshop). During his years of study he played a number of major roles: Lomov in A. P. Chekhov's vaudeville "The Jokes", several roles in the production "Vysotsky's Time", the tightrope walker Matto in F. Fellini's "The Road", Chebutykin in "Three Sisters". His graduation work was Estragon (Gogo) in Yu. Butusov's production "Waiting for Godot". In 1994 he played his first, small role in cinema ("Whomever God Sends"). In 1995, after graduating from SPbGATI, he was accepted into the Experimental Theater "Perekrestok" in Saint Petersburg, where he served for one year. At the same time he worked on regional television as a host in the department of music and information programs. In 1996 Khabensky moved to the Moscow theater "Satyricon" named after Arkady Raikin.

Here the young actor was employed mainly in supporting roles. Among his works were the performances "The Threepenny Opera" and "Cyrano de Bergerac". In 1998 he appeared in three films at once: in the Russian-Hungarian detective-phantasmagorical melodrama by Tamás Tóth "Natasha", the social drama by A. Yu. German "Khrustalyov, My Car!" and Dmitry Meskhiev's melodrama "Women's Property". For his work in Dmitry Meskhiev's film, Khabensky was awarded a prize in the "Best Male Role" nomination at the Gatchina Film Festival "Literature and Cinema". Soon Konstantin played a small role in Nikolai Lebedev's thriller "The Admirer" (1999). His next notable film work was the lead role in Vladimir Fokin's drama "A House for the Rich" (2000). Khabensky gained popularity with the series "Deadly Force" (2000-2005); television viewers remembered him as Igor Plakhov. Khabensky's greatest popularity came from the films "Night Watch" (2004) and "Day Watch" (2005). The character Anton Gorodetsky became one of Konstantin's most famous roles. In 2006 the actor appeared in the film "Rush Hour", based on the novel by Jerzy Stawinski. He then worked extensively in cinema: he played Kostya Lukashin in "The Irony of Fate. The Continuation" (2007) and Alexander Kolchak in the film "Admiral" (2008); in 2010 he starred in the lead role of Vyacheslav Kolotilov in the film "Tricks" by director Levan Gabriadze; in 2012, in the role of Alexei Turbin in the television series "The White Guard".