Amelia Elizabeth Conway was born on October 1, 1987, in Wahroonga, New South Wales, to British and Australian parents. Her mother, Edwina Conway, was a model, and her father, Tony Conway, moved to Australia at the age of 18. He built a successful career in electrical contracting. Amelia grew up in a family of four children — a younger brother and two older sisters — however, the first of the sisters died as an infant from sudden infant death syndrome, and Amelia never got to meet her.

Amelia graduated from Pymble Ladies' College (PLC) in Sydney in 2005. Before that, she attended Turramurra Public School, but transferred to PLC in fifth grade. At her new school, Amelia became interested in dance and acting, participating in school plays and musicals, dance competitions, and Rock Eisteddfod.

Amelia had to choose a subject for her HSC (Higher School Certificate) final exam. The choice was between drama and fashion design, and she chose fashion, believing she wanted to become a fashion designer. Her final project received high marks, and Amelia continued her studies, earning a Bachelor of Design in Fashion from UTS (University of Technology Sydney), which she completed in 2009. After graduating, she worked for many years as a graphic designer in textiles and as a retoucher, including a 12-month stint at the Australian sportswear brand Running Bare. Amelia then earned a second bachelor's degree — a Bachelor of Social Science (Psychology) from Swinburne University in 2018.

Amelia's first major big-screen role was the female lead, Laura, in Andreas Tumbas's film Bad Influence. She then landed the comedic role of Louise in James Vaughan's independent film Friends and Strangers. Since 2018, Amelia has left the fashion industry and focused exclusively on acting, which is now her primary profession. She has found success in commercials and independent projects in Sydney, as well as in short films in Los Angeles.